Noon Sakinah And Tanween are among the important rules of tajweed. There are four forms for these rules and learning them will help you perfect your recitation and beautify it to a great level.
Those rules are Izhar, Iqlab, Ikhfa, and Idgham. They’re only brought into practice when noon sakin or tanween is followed by specific letters.
In this article, Quran Spirit will guide you to the four rules of Noon Sakinah And Tanween with various examples from Quran for helping to solidify your understanding. We hope you find this post helpful for your
What Is Noon Saakin?
Noon Saakinah refers to a specific rule in the Arabic language and Tajweed (the rules of Quran recitation). It involves the pronunciation of the letter Noon (ن) when it is followed by a diacritic mark known as Sukoon (ـْ).
For example, in the word “مَنْ” (), the Noon has Sukoon, indicating that’s a noon sakin. But in the word منَارة, the noon isn’t sakin because there is a fatha movement over it.
Noon sakin can be placed at the middle or the end of the word. For example the word أنْعمت or منْ يعمل .
Proper application of the Noon Saakinah rule is crucial in the correct recitation of the Quran. It ensures the accurate pronunciation of the letters and words, which is essential for maintaining the integrity and beauty of the Quran recitation.
What’s Tanween?
Tanween, also known as Nunation, is a diacritic mark in Arabic script that is used to indicate the sound of a short vowel (usually “an” or “in”) at the end of a noun or adjective. It is represented by two signs (movements) written above or below a letter.
Tanween is commonly used to mark the end of a noun or adjective that is indefinite or does not have a definite article (such as “a” or “the”) before it. It has three types: dumma, kasra, and fath
For example:
– كِتَابٌ (kitābun) a book
– بَيْتٍ (baytin) a house
– شَجَرَةٌ (shajaratun) – a tree
Difference Between Noon Saakin and Tanween
There are differences between noon saakin and tanween that we can wrap up at those points below
- Noon Sakinah is an original letter from the Arabic alphabet, and Tanween is an additional movement (it’s not an Arabic letter)
- Noun sakinah can be seen in writing and pronounced verbally, while tanween is noticed when pronounced but not in writing.
- The noun sakinah is fixed in wasl and waqf, which means you should pronounce it if you decide to stop at this letter or continue recitation. However, the tanween is fixed in wasl without the waqf, meaning you don’t pronounce it when stopping at it.
- Noon sakinah can be found in nouns, verbs, and letters, and tanween is only found in nouns, not verbs.
- Noon sakinah can be found at the middle or the end of the word for example ينْزل or منْ while tanween is only fixed at the end of the word.
How Many Rules are There in Nun Sakinah and Tanwin
There are four rules of Nun Sakinah and Tanwin
- Izhar: this rule applies when n Sakinah or Tanween is followed by any of the letters of Izhar ( (ء)، (هـ)، (ع)، (ح)، (غ)، (خ). In this case, the Nun Sakinah or Tanween is pronounced clearly with a clear sound
- Idgham: This rule applies when a Nun Sakinah or Tanween is followed by any of the letters of Ikhfa (ي، م، و، ن، ر، ل). In this case, the Nun Sakinah or Tanween is pronounced with a slight nasal sound that can be extended to two counts (movements).
- Iqlab: This rule applies when a Nun Sakinah or Tanween is followed by the letter Ba (ب). In this case, the Nun Sakinah or Tanween is changed to a Meem (م) sound.
- Ikhfaa: This rule applies when a Nun Sakinah or Tanween is followed by any of the letters of Ikhfaa letters (( ص ذ ث ك ج ش ق س د ط ز ف ت ض ظ). In this case, the Nun Sakinah or Tanween is not pronounced individually but rather merged or assimilated with the sound of the following letter.
4 Rules Of Noon Saakin And Tanween
Here we will discuss each of those rules in detail
1. Izhar
Izhar in the Arabic language means clarity. In Izhar tajweed terminology, it refers to bringing letters out from their articulation point (Makhraj) without Ghunna.
It’s applied when Noon sakina and tanween are preceded by any of those letters ( ء, ه ، ع، غ، ح، خ).
Noon Saakin and Tanween Izhar examples in the Quran
Read all of those examples below to understand the rules with practical explanations from Quranic verses.
| Letters | Noon sakinah | Tanween |
| ء |
وهم ينْهون عنه وينْأون عنه منْ آمنْ |
جنّاتِ ألفافًا |
| ه | ينْهون
منْ هاد |
جرفِ هار |
| ع | أنعْمت
منْ عمل |
سميعٌ عليم |
|
ح |
وانْحر
فإنْ حاجوك |
عليمٌ حليم |
|
غ |
فسينْغضون
منْ غل |
ربٌ غفور |
| خ | المنْخنقة
منْ خلاق |
غفورِ رحيم |
2. Idhgam
In this case, Noon sakin or tanween is merged into the letter it follows, so they become one letter. The case is applied when they have followed those specific letters ( ي ، ر، م، ل، و، ن) and they have only type
- Idgham with gunna: applied when nonsakin or tanween follows those letters ي ، ن ، م، و
- Idgham without gunna: applied when nonsakin or tanween follows those letters ر ، ل
For example, the word من يشاء is read like ميِيشاء and the word like فئة ينصرونة is read like فئِتينصرونه. the idgham with ghuuna time is two seconds. (two counts)
Idhgam examples
| letter | Type | Noon sakin | tanween |
|
ي |
With gunna | مَن يَشاء | فِئَة ٌيَنصُرُونَه |
|
و |
With gunna | من واق |
إِيمَانًا وَهُمْ |
|
م |
With gunna | من مَّـال |
شيئاً مَّذكوراً |
|
ن |
With gunna | من نّعمة |
يَوْمَئِذٍ نَّاعِمَة |
| ر | Without gunna | مِنْ رَّبِّـه |
غفورٌ رّحيم |
| ل | Without gunna | ومن لَّـمْ |
بظـلاَّمٍ لِّلعبيد |
3. Iqlab
The noun sakina or tanween turns into a hidden meme with a Ghunna if it is followed by the letter baa (And it applies in noon sakin in one or two words because it can be at the end or the middle of a word. As for tanween, it only occurs in two words, because it comes at the end of the word.
For example, the word أَنـْْبــَأَكَ is read like أمبأك , the word مــَنْ بَــخِـل َ is read like ممبخل
|
letter |
Noon sakin |
Tanwen |
| ب | (مِن بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَىٰ بِهَا
وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ) |
زوجٍ بــَهيـج {سِمِيعُ بَصِير} |
4. Ikhfaa
The nun sakinah or tanween is hidden with a gunnah if it comes after (15) letters, which are:
( ص ذ ث ك ج ش ق س د ط ز ف ت ض ظ)
Those letters compose the first letters in each word in this poem. You can remember them by conjuring up this poem in your mind
“صف ذا ثنا كم جاد شخص قد سما
دم طيباً زد فـي تقي ضع ظالما
Like all the previously-mentioned rules, non sakin rule can be applied in one or two words, while tanween is only applied in one word since it comes at its end.
Ikhfaa examples
| Letter | Noon sakin | tanween |
|
ص |
:أنصَار — عن صلاتهم — | قاعاً صَفْصَفاً ٌ |
| ذ | أَنذِر قومك — مَن ذَا |
سلْسلةٍ ذَرْعها |
|
ث |
والأٌنثى —- مِن ثَمَرة | ماءً ثجَّاجا |
| ك | ولاتَنكِحوا — تَكُن كصاحب |
يوماً كان |
|
ج |
زَنجَبيلا –َ إن جَاءَكم – | خلقٍ جديد |
| ش | أنشأكم — مِن شّرِّ |
سبعاً شداداً |
|
ق |
ولا يُنقذُون — مِن قبل | شيءٍ قدير |
|
س |
الإِنسان — ولئن سَألتهم |
فوجٌ سألهم |
| د | أندَادَا — مِن ديارهم |
كأساً دِهَاقا |
| ط | انطَلِقوا — مِن طَيِّبات |
ليلاً طويلا |
|
ز |
أنزَلنا — مِن زَقُّوم | مباركةٍ زيتونة |
| ف | مُنفَطر– من فضل الله |
شيئاً فريا |
|
ت |
أَنتٌم — لَن تنالوا | يومئذٍ تعرضون |
| ض | مَنضود — مَن صَلَّ |
قوماً ضَالِّين |
| ظ | اَنظِرني — مَن ظَلم |
ظِلاًّ ظَليلا |
Noon Saakin and Tanween rules in English
These are the names for the rules of noon sakin tanween in the English language
- Izhar (to make something clear)
- Idghaam (merging/combining)
- Iqlaab (Overturning)
- IKhfaa( Concealment) (to hide)
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Conclusion
The rules of noon sakin and tanween are placed in the core of the science of tajweed and are important for the right recitation of the holy book
In this post, you’ve learned about the four rules of them which are Iqlab, ikhfaa, izhar, and idgham in details with great examples from Quranic verses to help you practice them practically
We hope you find this article helpful for you and perfect your reading for the noble Quran.
