Izhar Tajweed
Izhar tajweed is the first rule of the rulings of the nun sakinah and tanween, and the meem sakinah rulings as well. In addition izhar in tajweed is known linguistically: it is the statement and the clarity It is also known idiomatically: It is the output of each letter of the Izhar from its outlet without ghunna in the letter to be shown.
And there are many Types of Izhar, such as Izhar halqi, which is in the nun and tanween, and izhar mutlak, which is only in the nun sakinah, and izhar shafawi, which is in the meem sakinah.
Izhar Tajweed Letters
Tajweed izhar letters are six, and they are (hamz/ء), (haa/ه), (ain/ع), (haa/ح), (ghin/غ), (khaa/خ). If any of the six letters known as the letters of the izhar in tajweed occurs after the nun sakinah in a word or two or after the tanween, the Izhar is obligatory, and neither ghunnah nor ghunna is possible.
Moreover, al izhar tajweed is named by this name because it is a demonstration of the appearance of the sakinah nun and tanween at the meeting of the letters, and halqi because the six letters preceded come out of the throat.
Types of Izhar Tajweed
One of the most important things that helps to read Quran with correct pronunciation is learning the rules of tajweed of all kinds, as there are several Types of Izhar, namely:
1- Izhar Shafawi
This type is limited to the letter meem, which is in a consonant state. We find all the letters that appear in the Arabic language.
That come after the meem sakinah must be shown, except for the letters meem and baa, when they join the meem sakinah, we must hide them.
2- Izhar Halqi
The letters of this type of Izhar are limited to hamz, haa, ain, ghin, haa and khaa and they are the letters that must be shown.
In pronunciation when they come after the Sakinah Noun or Tanween, and they are called by this name because they depend on the throat for pronunciation.
3- Izhar Mutlak
This type relies on Izhar the consonant “noon” that comes before the letters “waw” and “yaa”, that is, the “noon” must be clarified when pronouncing it in order to give the correct meaning of the word.
It does not depend on the throat or anything else in pronunciation, just as the consonant, “noon” should not be merged with the letters “waw” and “yaa” so that the meaning of the word does not change.
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What Are Izhar Rules of Tajweed?
Izhar tajweed rules are defined linguistically as the statement and clarification, and idiomatically it is to extract each letter from its way without ghunna in the apparent letter, i.e. separating the first letter from the second letter without silence on it.
In general, al izhar tajweed is one of the distinctive phenomena in the Arabic language, which linguists have paid great attention to and still pay attention to.Where they put more links and rules, which differed among them and in their teaching and interpretation.
In the past, many tribes tended to Izhar and others to idgham, but the Izhar remained present to the idgham tajweed, because it is the origin of the letters and does not need a reason.
Or conditions for its presence in the sentence, unlike the idgham that needs more conditions and reasons to justify its existence.
The Izhar halqi also comes in three levels, which differ when pronouncing from the throat, which are the upper, middle and lower levels. Each of them is divided according to the region of the letter’s pronunciation, as follows:
- The upper throat area: haa and hamz letter.
- The middle of the throat: the ain and haa letter.
- Lower throat area: the ghain and khaa letter.
And the reason for izhar tajweed is that the noun is far from the six throat letters, so the noon on the tip of the tongue is difficult in that idgham.
So it is necessary to Izhar the nun at the throat letters, and the condition for the throat to be pronounced is that after noon sakinah a letter.
From the six throat letters fall, and the Izhar halqi is from one or two words, But after Tanween, it is only two words.
And the reality of the Izhar is that the reciter utters the noun sakinah or tanween on a unit, then he pronounces the vowel letter al-Idhizhar without stopping on the nun or tanween, so he does not remain silent on the nun, nor does he cut it off from the letter Izhar.
In the sense that the pointed tip of the tongue collides at the gums of the upper folds without an increase in the sound of the ghunna.
And the sound of the ghunna is very weak, as we mentioned, but it completely disappears the ghunna in the origin of the sound of the noun, then we pronounce the letter after noon from its articulator without affectation, silence, or separation between them. Get online tajweed classes from professional tutors for better understanding.
Izhar Tajweed Examples
Types of Izhar are three in terms of judgment, which are as follows:
- Izhar halqi.
- Izhar mutlak.
- Izhar shafawi.
and the following are examples of Izhar of different types:
Here are some examples provides by Quran Spirit certified tutors.
1- Examples Izhar Halqi
The shapes and forms of the Izhar halqi are represented in eighteen forms, because each of the six letters of the letters of the Izhar halqi falls with the “Nun” sakinah in a word or in two words, and it falls after the tanween, so each letter has three forms:
2- Example of Hamza
The hamza with the “nun” sakinah in the word: as Allah Almighty said in His Holy Book “وَهُمْ يَنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ وَيَنْـَٔوْنَ عَنْهُ ۖ وَإِن يُهْلِكُونَ إِلَّآ أَنفُسَهُمْ وَمَا يَشْعُرُونَ””,ينأون It is the only example in the Holy Qur’an of the letter hamza with a consonant “noon” in one word
The hamza with the noun sakinah in two words:
إنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَالَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالصَّابِئُونَ
وَالنَّصَارَى مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ
Al-Hamza after Tanween: It came in the saying of Allah Almighty in Surat Al-Naba’,
“وَجَنَّاتٍ أَلْفَافًا.”
3- Examples of Haa:
The haa with the noon sakinah in the word: In the words of Allah Almighty:
وَلْتَكُن مِّنكُمْ أُمَّةٌ يَدْعُونَ إِلَى ٱلْخَيْرِ وَيَأْمُرُونَ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ وَيَنْهَوْنَ عَنِ ٱلْمُنكَرِ ۚ وَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُفْلِحُونَ
Haa with a noun sakinah in two words: In the words of Allah Almighty:
وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ هَادٍ
Haa after Tanween: In the words of Allah Almighty:
“عَلَى شَفَا جُرُفٍ هَارٍ فَانْهَارَ بِهِ فِي نَارِ جَهَنَّمَ”
أمثلة على العين
4- Examples of the Ain
The ain with the noun sakinah in the word: In the words of Allah Almighty:
قَالَ رَجُلانِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ يَخَافُونَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا ادْخُلُواْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَابَ فَإِذَا دَخَلْتُمُوهُ فَإِنَّكُمْ غَالِبُونَ وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَتَوَكَّلُواْ إِن كُنتُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ.
The ain with the nun sakinah in two words: In the words of Allah Almighty:
مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا مِّن ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنثَى وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَلَنُحْيِيَنَّهُ حَيَاةً طَيِّبَةً.
The ain after tanwen: in the words of Allah Almighty:
قُلْ أَتَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ ضَرًّا وَلَا نَفْعًا وَاللَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ“، وقوله “فَسَيَكْفِيكَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ” و”رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
5- Examples of Haa
Ha with the Noun sakinah in the word: Allah Almighty says:
فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَانْحَرْ“
Haa with non sakinah in two words, as Allah said:
فَإِنْ حَاجُّوكَ فَقُلْ أَسْلَمْتُ وَجْهِيَ لِلَّهِ وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَنِ وَقُلْ لِلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ وَالأُمِّيِّينَ أَأَسْلَمْتُمْ فَإِنْ أَسْلَمُوا فَقَدِ اهْتَدَوا وَإِنْ تَوَلَّوْا فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْكَ الْبَلاغُ وَاللَّهُ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ
Haa after Tanween: In the words of Allah Almighty:
وَيُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمُ الْآيَاتِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ
6- Examples of Ghin
Ghin with the Noun sakinah in a word: It was mentioned in the Holy Qur’an once, and there is no example other than it in the words of Allah Almighty:
فَسَيُنْغِضُونَ إِلَيْكَ رُؤُسَهُمْ
Ghin with a noun sakinah in two words: In the words of Allah Almighty:
وَنَزَعْنَا مَا فِي صُدُورِهِم مِّنْ غِلٍّ إِخْوَانًا عَلَىٰ سُرُرٍ مُّتَقَابِلِينَ
Ghin after Tanween: Allah Almighty says in His Holy Book:
لَقَدْ كانَ لِسَبَإٍ فِي مَسْكَنِهِمْ آيَةٌ جَنَّتانِ عَنْ يَمِينٍ وَشِمالٍ كُلُوا مِنْ رِزْقِ رَبِّكُمْ وَاشْكُرُوا لَهُ بَلْدَةٌ طَيِّبَةٌ وَرَبٌّ غَفُورٌ.
7- Examples of kha
Al-Kha with the Nun sakinah in the word: Allah Almighty says:
الْمُنْخَنِقَةُ وَالْمَوْقُوذَةُ وَالْمُتَرَدِّيَةُ وَالنَّطِيحَةُ“
Is the only word in the Qur’an that represents the khaa with the Noun sakinah in a word.
Al-Kha’ after Tanween:
وَجَعَلْنَاكُمْ شُعُوبًا وَقَبَائِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوا ۚ إِنَّ أَكْرَمَكُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ أَتْقَاكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ
2- Second: Examples of Izhar shafawi in the Holy Quran: as Izhar halqi is one of the rulings of the meem sakinah, and it means Izhar the meem sakinah when it meets the letters of the Izhar halqi- which are except for the letters of ikhfaa and idgham shafawi- as follows:
{لا تَرَى فِيهَا عِوَجًا وَلَا أَمْتًا}
فَعَقَرُوهَا فَقَالَ تَمَتَّعُوا فِي دَارِكُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ}
{وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ سَنُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِن تَحْتِهَا الْأَنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا}
{يَمْحَقُ اللَّهُ الرِّبَا وَيُرْبِي الصَّدَقَاتِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ كَفَّارٍ أَثِيمٍ}
{أَمْ خُلِقُوا مِنْ غَيْرِ شَيْءٍ أَمْ هُمُ الْخَالِقُونَ}
{الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ عَلَى عَبْدِهِ الْكِتَابَ وَلَمْ يَجْعَل لَّهُ عِوَجًا}
{خَاشِعَةً أَبْصَارُهُمْ تَرْهَقُهُمْ ذِلَّةٌ ۚ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي كَانُوا يُوعَدُونَ}
{ذَلِكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَفْرَحُونَ فِى الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَبِمَا كُنتُمْ تَمْرَحُونَ}
{وَقَدْ كَانُوا يُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى السُّجُودِ وَهُمْ سَالِمُونَ}
3- Third: Examples of Izhar mutlak in the Holy Quran: as Izhar mutlak is called that, in order to distinguish it from the Izhar shafawi and the Izhar halqi.
And the Izhar mutlak is caused by the refusal to achieve idgham in one word, and in the Qur’an, there are only four words and their rule is Izhar mutlak wherever they occur, and these words are as follows:
- The word بُنْيَانٌ, as in the Almighty’s saying:
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الَّذِينَ يُقَاتِلُونَ فِي سَبِيلِهِ صَفًّا كَأَنَّهُم بُنْيَانٌ مَّرْصُوصٌ
- The word قنوان, as in the Almighty’s saying:
وَمِنَ النَّخْلِ مِن طَلْعِهَا قِنْوَانٌ دَانِيَةٌ وَجَنَّاتٍ مِّنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالرُّمَّانَ مُشْتَبِهًا وَغَيْرَ مُتَشَابِهٍ
- The word صنوان, as in the Almighty’s saying:
وَفِي الْأَرْضِ قِطَعٌ مُّتَجَاوِرَاتٌ وَجَنَّاتٌ مِّنْ أَعْنَابٍ وَزَرْعٌ وَنَخِيلٌ صِنْوَانٌ وَغَيْرُ صِنْوَانٍ يُسْقَى بِمَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ
- The word الدنيا, as in the Almighty’s saying:
إِذْ أَنتُم بِالْعُدْوَةِ الدُّنْيَا وَهُم بِالْعُدْوَةِ الْقُصْوَى وَالرَّكْبُ أَسْفَلَ مِنكُمْ ۚ وَلَوْ تَوَاعَدتُّمْ لَاخْتَلَفْتُمْ فِي الْمِيعَادِ ۙ وَلَكِن لِّيَقْضِيَ اللَّهُ أَمْرًا كَانَ مَفْعُولًا
In conclusion
There are many Types of Izhar, which we have clarified in detail in our article. Moreover, the izhar tajweed is one of the important provisions in the science of Tajweed. Let Iqlab help you unlock your full potential in tajweed – it’s never too late to start!
